The City of Bristol's Backyard Wine Gardens: Foot-Stomping Fruit in City Spaces
Every quarter of an hour or so, an older diesel train arrives at a graffiti-covered station. Close by, a police siren cuts through the almost continuous road noise. Commuters hurry past collapsing, ivy-covered fencing panels as rain clouds form.
It is perhaps the least likely spot you expect to find a well-established grape-growing plot. But James Bayliss-Smith has cultivated four dozen established plants heavy with round purplish berries on a rambling allotment sandwiched between a line of 1930s houses and a commuter railway just above Bristol town centre.
"I've noticed people hiding heroin or other items in those bushes," says Bayliss-Smith. "But you simply continue ... and continue caring for your vines."
Bayliss-Smith, 46, a documentary cameraman who also has a fermented beverage company, is among several urban winemaker. He has organized a loose collective of growers who make wine from several discreet city grape gardens nestled in private yards and community plots throughout Bristol. It is sufficiently underground to possess an official name so far, but the collective's messaging chat is named Vineyard Dreams.
City Vineyards Around the World
So far, the grower's plot is the sole location registered in the City Vineyard Network's upcoming global directory, which features more famous city vineyards such as the eighteen hundred vines on the hillsides of the French capital's historic artistic district area and over 3,000 vines with views of and inside Turin. The Italian-based charitable organization is at the forefront of a movement reviving urban grape cultivation in traditional winemaking countries, but has discovered them all over the globe, including cities in Japan, South Asia and Uzbekistan.
"Vineyards assist cities stay greener and more diverse. These spaces protect open space from development by establishing permanent, yielding agricultural units within urban environments," says the organization's leader.
Similar to other vintages, those produced in urban areas are a result of the earth the vines thrive in, the unpredictability of the climate and the individuals who care for the grapes. "A bottle of wine embodies the beauty, local spirit, environment and history of a city," adds the president.
Mystery Polish Grapes
Back in Bristol, the grower is in a urgent timeline to gather the vines he grew from a cutting abandoned in his allotment by a Polish family. Should the rain comes, then the birds may seize their chance to attack once more. "Here we have the enigmatic Polish variety," he says, as he cleans bruised and rotten grapes from the shimmering clusters. "The variety remains uncertain what variety they are, but they're definitely disease-resistant. In contrast to noble varieties – Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and additional renowned French grapes – you need not treat them with pesticides ... this is possibly a unique cultivar that was bred by the Eastern Bloc."
Collective Efforts Throughout Bristol
Additional participants of the collective are also making the most of bright periods between showers of autumn rain. At a rooftop garden with views of Bristol's glistening waterfront, where historic trading ships once bobbed with casks of wine from Europe and Spain, Katy Grant is harvesting her rondo grapes from about 50 vines. "I adore the smell of the grapevines. The scent is so evocative," she says, pausing with a container of fruit resting on her shoulder. "It recalls the fragrance of Provence when you open the vehicle windows on holiday."
The humanitarian worker, 52, who has devoted more than two decades working for humanitarian organizations in conflict zones, inadvertently took over the grape garden when she returned to the United Kingdom from East Africa with her household in 2018. She experienced an strong responsibility to look after the vines in the yard of their new home. "This plot has previously endured three different owners," she explains. "I deeply appreciate the idea of natural stewardship – of passing this on to future caretakers so they keep cultivating from this land."
Sloping Gardens and Traditional Winemaking
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the collective are busily laboring on the precipitous slopes of Avon Gorge. Jo Scofield has cultivated more than 150 plants perched on terraces in her expansive property, which descends towards the silty River Avon. "People are always surprised," she notes, indicating the tangled vineyard. "They can't believe they are viewing rows of vines in a city street."
Currently, Scofield, 60, is harvesting clusters of dusty purple dark berries from rows of vines arranged along the hillside with the help of her daughter, Luca. The conservationist, a wildlife and conservation film-maker who has worked on Netflix's nature programming and BBC Two's Gardeners' World, was inspired to cultivate vines after seeing her neighbor's vines. She has learned that amateurs can make intriguing, enjoyable traditional vintage, which can sell for upwards of seven pounds a glass in the growing number of wine bars focusing on minimal-intervention vintages. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can truly make quality, natural wine," she states. "It's very on trend, but really it's resurrecting an traditional method of producing vintage."
"When I tread the fruit, all the natural microorganisms are released from the skins and enter the liquid," explains the winemaker, ankle deep in a bucket of small branches, pips and crimson juice. "That's how wines were historically produced, but industrial wineries add sulphur [dioxide] to kill the wild yeast and subsequently add a lab-grown culture."
Challenging Environments and Creative Approaches
A few doors down active senior another cultivator, who motivated Scofield to plant her vines, has assembled his companions to harvest Chardonnay grapes from the 100 plants he has arranged precisely across two terraces. Reeve, a Lancashire-born physical education instructor who taught at Bristol University cultivated an interest in viticulture on regular visits to Europe. However it is a difficult task to grow Chardonnay grapes in the humidity of the gorge, with temperature fluctuations sweeping in and out from the nearby estuary. "I wanted to produce French-style vintages here, which is somewhat ambitious," admits Reeve with amusement. "This variety is late to ripen and particularly vulnerable to fungal infections."
"I wanted to make European-style vintages in this environment, which is a bit bonkers"
The unpredictable Bristol climate is not the sole challenge faced by grape cultivators. Reeve has had to erect a fence on